ADHD ja tapaturmariski
Lisätietoa aiheesta
19.5.2025
- Lasten, nuorten ja aikuisten ADHD:hen liittyy suurentunut tapaturmariski ja tapaturmakuolleisuus «Bonander C, Beckman L, Janson S, ym. Injury risks in schoolchildren with attention-deficit/hyperactivity or autism spectrum disorder: Results from two school-based health surveys of 6- to 17-year-old »1, «Dalsgaard S, Østergaard SD, Leckman JF, ym. Mortality in children, adolescents, and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide cohort study. Lancet 2015;385(9983):2190-6 »2, «Ruiz-Goikoetxea M, Cortese S, Aznarez-Sanado M, ym. Risk of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents with ADHD and the impact of ADHD medications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neur»3, «Brunkhorst-Kanaan N, Libutzki B, Reif A, ym. ADHD and accidents over the life span - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021;125():582-591 »4.
- Esikouluikäisillä lapsilla, joilla on diagnosoitu ADHD, tapaturmariskin on katsottu olevan lähes 3-kertainen tyypillisesti kehittyneisiin lapsiin verrattuna «Lee LC, Harrington RA, Chang JJ, ym. Increased risk of injury in children with developmental disabilities. Res Dev Disabil 2008;29(3):247-55 »5.
- Tapaturmariski vaikuttaa olevan suurin nuorilla ja nuorilla aikuisilla (12–25-vuotiailla) «Brunkhorst-Kanaan N, Libutzki B, Reif A, ym. ADHD and accidents over the life span - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021;125():582-591 »4.
- Putoamiset, murtumat, pään alueen vammat, palovammat, haavat ja myrkytykset ovat tavallisempia kuin henkilöillä, joilla ei ole todettu ADHD:tä «Brunkhorst-Kanaan N, Libutzki B, Reif A, ym. ADHD and accidents over the life span - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021;125():582-591 »4, «Merrill RM, Lyon JL, Baker RK, ym. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and increased risk of injury. Adv Med Sci 2009;54(1):20-6 »6.
- Nuoruudessa ja aikuisuudessa tapaturma-alttius jatkuu erityisesti liikenteessä «Erskine HE, Norman RE, Ferrari AJ, ym. Long-Term Outcomes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Conduct Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 20»7, «ADHD ja autoilu»1.
- Kausaliteettia ei ole osoitettu, mutta ADHD:n ydinoireet, psykiatriset komorbiditeetit, sisäiset (esim. ajatusten harhailu) ja ulkoiset häiriötekijät (esim. mobiililaitteen käyttö ajaessa tai kadulla kävellessä) liittyvät suurentuneeseen tapaturmariskiin «Brunkhorst-Kanaan N, Libutzki B, Reif A, ym. ADHD and accidents over the life span - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021;125():582-591 »4.
- ADHD-lääkitys (stimulantit) saattaa vähentää lasten ja nuorten sairaalahoitoa vaativien tapaturmien riskiä etenkin aivovammojen osalta «Ruiz-Goikoetxea M, Cortese S, Aznarez-Sanado M, ym. Risk of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents with ADHD and the impact of ADHD medications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neur»3, «Dalsgaard S, Leckman JF, Mortensen PB, ym. Effect of drugs on the risk of injuries in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry 2015;2(8):70»8, «Man KK, Chan EW, Coghill D, ym. Methylphenidate and the risk of trauma. Pediatrics 2015;135(1):40-8 »9, «Mikolajczyk R, Horn J, Schmedt N, ym. Injury prevention by medication among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case-only study. JAMA Pediatr 2015;169(4):391-5 »10. Stimulanttilääkitys saattaa myös vähentää lasten, nuorten ja aikuisten tapaturmakuolleisuutta «Vasiliadis HM, Lunghi C, Rahme E, ym. ADHD medications use and risk of mortality and unintentional injuries: a population-based cohort study. Transl Psychiatry 2024;14(1):128 »11.
Kirjallisuutta
- Bonander C, Beckman L, Janson S, ym. Injury risks in schoolchildren with attention-deficit/hyperactivity or autism spectrum disorder: Results from two school-based health surveys of 6- to 17-year-old children in Sweden. J Safety Res 2016;58():49-56 «PMID: 27620934»PubMed
- Dalsgaard S, Østergaard SD, Leckman JF, ym. Mortality in children, adolescents, and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide cohort study. Lancet 2015;385(9983):2190-6 «PMID: 25726514»PubMed
- Ruiz-Goikoetxea M, Cortese S, Aznarez-Sanado M, ym. Risk of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents with ADHD and the impact of ADHD medications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018;84():63-71 «PMID: 29162520»PubMed
- Brunkhorst-Kanaan N, Libutzki B, Reif A, ym. ADHD and accidents over the life span - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021;125():582-591 «PMID: 33582234»PubMed
- Lee LC, Harrington RA, Chang JJ, ym. Increased risk of injury in children with developmental disabilities. Res Dev Disabil 2008;29(3):247-55 «PMID: 17582739»PubMed
- Merrill RM, Lyon JL, Baker RK, ym. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and increased risk of injury. Adv Med Sci 2009;54(1):20-6 «PMID: 19586835»PubMed
- Erskine HE, Norman RE, Ferrari AJ, ym. Long-Term Outcomes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Conduct Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016;55(10):841-50 «PMID: 27663939»PubMed
- Dalsgaard S, Leckman JF, Mortensen PB, ym. Effect of drugs on the risk of injuries in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry 2015;2(8):702-709 «PMID: 26249301»PubMed
- Man KK, Chan EW, Coghill D, ym. Methylphenidate and the risk of trauma. Pediatrics 2015;135(1):40-8 «PMID: 25511122»PubMed
- Mikolajczyk R, Horn J, Schmedt N, ym. Injury prevention by medication among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case-only study. JAMA Pediatr 2015;169(4):391-5 «PMID: 25686215»PubMed
- Vasiliadis HM, Lunghi C, Rahme E, ym. ADHD medications use and risk of mortality and unintentional injuries: a population-based cohort study. Transl Psychiatry 2024;14(1):128 «PMID: 38418443»PubMed