Tupakointi aivoinfarktin riskitekijänä
Lisätietoa aiheesta
4.7.2016
- Tupakointi suunnilleen kaksinkertaistaa aivoinfarktiriskin «Shinton R, Beevers G. Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. BMJ 1989;298:789-94 »1, «Peters SA, Huxley RR, Woodward M. Smoking as a risk factor for stroke in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 81 cohorts, including 3,980,359 individuals and 42,401 stroke»2, «O'Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L ym. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 2010;376:112-23 »3, «Pujades-Rodriguez M, George J, Shah AD ym. Heterogeneous associations between smoking and a wide range of initial presentations of cardiovascular disease in 1937360 people in England: lifetime risks a»9.
- Aivoinfarktin riski kasvaa annosriippuvaisesti suhteessa poltettujen savukkeiden määrään. Runsaasti tupakoivien riski sairastua aivoinfarktiin on suurempi kuin vähemmän tupakoivilla ja voi olla jopa 9-kertainen tupakoimattomiin verrattuna «O'Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L ym. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 2010;376:112-23 »3, «Bhat VM, Cole JW, Sorkin JD ym. Dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of ischemic stroke in young women. Stroke 2008;39:2439-43 »4, «Donnan GA, McNeil JJ, Adena MA ym. Smoking as a risk factor for cerebral ischaemia. Lancet 1989;2:643-7 »5, «Kawachi I, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ ym. Smoking cessation and decreased risk of stroke in women. JAMA 1993;269:232-6 »6.
- Tupakointi lisää aivoinfarktin riskiä sekä miehillä että naisilla ja eri ikäryhmissä «Peters SA, Huxley RR, Woodward M. Smoking as a risk factor for stroke in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 81 cohorts, including 3,980,359 individuals and 42,401 stroke»2, «O'Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L ym. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 2010;376:112-23 »3, «Donnan GA, McNeil JJ, Adena MA ym. Smoking as a risk factor for cerebral ischaemia. Lancet 1989;2:643-7 »5, «Pujades-Rodriguez M, George J, Shah AD ym. Heterogeneous associations between smoking and a wide range of initial presentations of cardiovascular disease in 1937360 people in England: lifetime risks a»9.
- Tupakointi lisää etiologialtaan ja sijainniltaan erilaisten aivoinfarktien riskiä. Tupakoitsijoilla on kohonnut riski aterotromboottiseen «Donnan GA, McNeil JJ, Adena MA ym. Smoking as a risk factor for cerebral ischaemia. Lancet 1989;2:643-7 »5, «Ohira T, Shahar E, Chambless LE ym. Risk factors for ischemic stroke subtypes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Stroke 2006;37:2493-8 »7, pienten suonten tautiin liittyvään «O'Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L ym. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 2010;376:112-23 »3, «Donnan GA, McNeil JJ, Adena MA ym. Smoking as a risk factor for cerebral ischaemia. Lancet 1989;2:643-7 »5, «Ohira T, Shahar E, Chambless LE ym. Risk factors for ischemic stroke subtypes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Stroke 2006;37:2493-8 »7 ja kardioemboliseen aivoinfarktiin «Ohira T, Shahar E, Chambless LE ym. Risk factors for ischemic stroke subtypes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Stroke 2006;37:2493-8 »7. Tupakointi lisää aivoinfarktin riskiä kaikilla suonitusalueilla «O'Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L ym. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 2010;376:112-23 »3.
- Tupakoinnin lopettaminen pienentää aivoinfarktiriskiä (ks. näytönastekatsaus «Tupakoinnin lopettaminen pienentää aivoinfarktin riskiä.»A, Tupakoinnin lopetuksen vaikutus aivoinfarktiriskiin «Kawachi I, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ ym. Smoking cessation and decreased risk of stroke in women. JAMA 1993;269:232-6 »6, «Song YM, Cho HJ. Risk of stroke and myocardial infarction after reduction or cessation of cigarette smoking: a cohort study in korean men. Stroke 2008;39:2432-8 »8, «Pujades-Rodriguez M, George J, Shah AD ym. Heterogeneous associations between smoking and a wide range of initial presentations of cardiovascular disease in 1937360 people in England: lifetime risks a»9).
- Tupakoinnin lopettaneilla aivoinfarktiriski pienenee merkitsevästi jo 2 vuoden kuluessa «Kawachi I, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ ym. Smoking cessation and decreased risk of stroke in women. JAMA 1993;269:232-6 »6, «Pujades-Rodriguez M, George J, Shah AD ym. Heterogeneous associations between smoking and a wide range of initial presentations of cardiovascular disease in 1937360 people in England: lifetime risks a»9.
- Passiivinen tupakointi eli altistuminen tupakansavulle kotona lisää aivoinfarktin riskiä myös tupakoimattomalla henkilöllä, ja riski vaikuttaa lisääntyvän suhteessa altistumisen määrään (lisätietoa aiheesta, ks. «Passiivinen tupakointi aivoinfarktin riskitekijänä»1, Passiivinen tupakointi aivoinfarktin riskitekijänä), «Iribarren C, Darbinian J, Klatsky AL ym. Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Neuroepidemiology 2004;23:38-44 »10.
Kirjallisuutta
- Shinton R, Beevers G. Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. BMJ 1989;298:789-94 «PMID: 2496858»PubMed
- Peters SA, Huxley RR, Woodward M. Smoking as a risk factor for stroke in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 81 cohorts, including 3,980,359 individuals and 42,401 strokes. Stroke 2013;44:2821-8 «PMID: 23970792»PubMed
- O'Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L ym. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 2010;376:112-23 «PMID: 20561675»PubMed
- Bhat VM, Cole JW, Sorkin JD ym. Dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of ischemic stroke in young women. Stroke 2008;39:2439-43 «PMID: 18703815»PubMed
- Donnan GA, McNeil JJ, Adena MA ym. Smoking as a risk factor for cerebral ischaemia. Lancet 1989;2:643-7 «PMID: 2570900»PubMed
- Kawachi I, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ ym. Smoking cessation and decreased risk of stroke in women. JAMA 1993;269:232-6 «PMID: 8417241»PubMed
- Ohira T, Shahar E, Chambless LE ym. Risk factors for ischemic stroke subtypes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Stroke 2006;37:2493-8 «PMID: 16931783»PubMed
- Song YM, Cho HJ. Risk of stroke and myocardial infarction after reduction or cessation of cigarette smoking: a cohort study in korean men. Stroke 2008;39:2432-8 «PMID: 18617660»PubMed
- Pujades-Rodriguez M, George J, Shah AD ym. Heterogeneous associations between smoking and a wide range of initial presentations of cardiovascular disease in 1937360 people in England: lifetime risks and implications for risk prediction. Int J Epidemiol 2015;44:129-41 «PMID: 25416721»PubMed
- Iribarren C, Darbinian J, Klatsky AL ym. Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Neuroepidemiology 2004;23:38-44 «PMID: 14739566»PubMed