Lisätietoa aiheesta

Elämäntapamuutoksien vaikutus plasman lipoproteiinipitoisuuksiin

Lisätietoa aiheesta
24.9.2026
Ursula Schwab
Taulukko 1. Elämäntapamuutoksien vaikutus plasman lipoproteiinipitoisuuksiin ( «Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, ym. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J 2020;41(1):111-188 »1, mukailtu)
Elämäntapamuutos Vaikutus plasman lipidipitoisuuteenNäyttö
KOL, kokonaiskolesteroli; LDL, LDL-kolesteroli; HDL, HDL-kolesteroli; TG, triglyseridit
↑ Pitoisuus suurenee vähän. ↑↑ Pitoisuus suurenee paljon.
↓ Pitoisuus pienenee vähän. ↓↓ Pitoisuus pienenee paljon.
Tyydyttyneiden rasvojen saannin vähentäminen ja korvaaminen kerta- ja monityydyttymättömillä rasvahapoilla KOL↓↓, LDL↓↓, TG↓ «Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. Report of an expert consultation. FAO Food Nutr Pap 2010;91():1-166 »2
Transrasvan saannin vähentäminen ja korvaaminen moni- ja kertatyydyttymättömillä rasvahapoilla KOL↓↓, LDL↓↓, HDL↑ «Aronis KN, Khan SM, Mantzoros CS. Effects of trans fatty acids on glucose homeostasis: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96(5):1093-9 »3
Kuidun saannin lisääminenKOL↓, LDL↓ «Hartley L, May MD, Loveman E, ym. Dietary fibre for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;2016(1):CD011472 »4
Kolesterolin vähentäminen ruokavaliostaKOL↓, LDL↓ «Sarkkinen E, Korhonen M, Erkkilä A, ym. Effect of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on serum lipid response to the separate modification of dietary fat and dietary cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68(6):1»5
Kalan käytön lisääminenTG↓ «Eslick GD, Howe PR, Smith C, ym. Benefits of fish oil supplementation in hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2009;136(1):4-16 »6
Vähäkuituisten hiilihydraattien (sokerit mukaan luettuina) käytön vähentäminenTG↓↓ «Hofmann SM, Tschöp MH. Dietary sugars: a fat difference. J Clin Invest 2009;119(5):1089-92 »7, «Kelishadi R, Mansourian M, Heidari-Beni M. Association of fructose consumption and components of metabolic syndrome in human studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition 2014;30(5):503-10»8
Laihduttaminen (ylipainoiset)KOL↓, LDL↓, HDL↑, TG↓↓Ks. Lihavuus Käypä Hoito -suositus «Lihavuus (lapset, nuoret ja aikuiset)»1
Alkoholinkäytön vähentäminenTG↓↓ «Van de Wiel A. The effect of alcohol on postprandial and fasting triglycerides. Int J Vasc Med 2012;2012():862504 »9
Tupakoinnin lopettaminenHDL↑ «Imamura H, Tanaka K, Hirae C, ym. Relationship of cigarette smoking to blood pressure and serum lipids and lipoproteins in men. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996;23(5):397-402 »10, «Maeda K, Noguchi Y, Fukui T. The effects of cessation from cigarette smoking on the lipid and lipoprotein profiles: a meta-analysis. Prev Med 2003;37(4):283-90 »11
KestävyysliikuntaKOL↓, LDL↓, HDL↑, TG↓↓ «Aerobic exercise probably produces small reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and small increases in HDL cholesterol in adults with or without cardiovascular risk factors. Resistance training probably produces small reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Combined aerobic and resistance training probably results in small increase in HDL cholesterol and small reduction in triglycerides.»B
Lihasvoimaharjoittelu LDL↓, TG↓ «Aerobic exercise probably produces small reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and small increases in HDL cholesterol in adults with or without cardiovascular risk factors. Resistance training probably produces small reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Combined aerobic and resistance training probably results in small increase in HDL cholesterol and small reduction in triglycerides.»B

Kirjallisuutta

  1. Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, ym. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J 2020;41(1):111-188 «PMID: 31504418»PubMed
  2. Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. Report of an expert consultation. FAO Food Nutr Pap 2010;91():1-166 «PMID: 21812367»PubMed
  3. Aronis KN, Khan SM, Mantzoros CS. Effects of trans fatty acids on glucose homeostasis: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96(5):1093-9 «PMID: 23053553»PubMed
  4. Hartley L, May MD, Loveman E, ym. Dietary fibre for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;2016(1):CD011472 «PMID: 26758499»PubMed
  5. Sarkkinen E, Korhonen M, Erkkilä A, ym. Effect of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on serum lipid response to the separate modification of dietary fat and dietary cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68(6):1215-22 «PMID: 9846849»PubMed
  6. Eslick GD, Howe PR, Smith C, ym. Benefits of fish oil supplementation in hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2009;136(1):4-16 «PMID: 18774613»PubMed
  7. Hofmann SM, Tschöp MH. Dietary sugars: a fat difference. J Clin Invest 2009;119(5):1089-92 «PMID: 19422101»PubMed
  8. Kelishadi R, Mansourian M, Heidari-Beni M. Association of fructose consumption and components of metabolic syndrome in human studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition 2014;30(5):503-10 «PMID: 24698343»PubMed
  9. Van de Wiel A. The effect of alcohol on postprandial and fasting triglycerides. Int J Vasc Med 2012;2012():862504 «PMID: 21961068»PubMed
  10. Imamura H, Tanaka K, Hirae C, ym. Relationship of cigarette smoking to blood pressure and serum lipids and lipoproteins in men. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996;23(5):397-402 «PMID: 8713678»PubMed
  11. Maeda K, Noguchi Y, Fukui T. The effects of cessation from cigarette smoking on the lipid and lipoprotein profiles: a meta-analysis. Prev Med 2003;37(4):283-90 «PMID: 14507483»PubMed